ShiroKuro I think the visual already resemble the modern staff notation quite closely? The vertical position of each circle is the pitch. The diameter of each circle is note value. What‘s extra is the color and the connecting lines to distinguish individual voices.
This visualization also illustrates something I recently learned from music theory videos. Modern theory puts emphasis on harmony, e.g. going from chords to chords. However, in eary music of multi-part voices, composers and singers think more horizontally, i.e. how each melody moves and relative to the other melodies. The movement is written to follow a set of rules that empirecally proven to sound good. And harmony, or the chords, is the results of the movement of the melodies.